Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
2. Genet. Res. Dept., Des. Res. Cent., Cairo, Egypt
2
Agron. Dept., Fac. Agric., Zagazig Univ., Egypt
3
Genet. Res. Dept., Des. Res. Cent., Cairo, Egypt
Abstract
Water deficit is the main yield-limiting factor in Egypt and overall the world. Thus the main objective from this work was to evaluate eighteen barley genotypes differed in their genetic makeup under six varied environments which are the combination between, two growing seasons (2013/2014 and 2014/2015) and three water irrigation levels (800, 1100 and 1400 m3/fad.) as severe stress, moderate stress and adequate, respectively in newly reclaimed sandy soil of South El-Qantara Shark, Ismailia, Egypt, for days to 50% heading, flag leaf area, plant height, 1000-grain weight, biological yield and grain yield. The combined analyses of variance and the mean square of joint regression analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes (G), environments (E) and the G × E interaction for all the traits. Environment + Genotype × Environment (E + G × E), mean squares due to environment (linear) and linear interaction (G × E linear) had highly significant effects for all characters. Severe and moderate water stress levels were significantly reduced all studied traits except 1000-grain weight for all barley genotypes than adequate water supply treatment. Grain yield reduced in the 1st year by an average of 25.67% and 13.44% and in the 2nd year by an average of 26.82% and 12.67% under 1st and 2nd irrigation levels, respectively, compared with the 3rd level. Phenotypic stability parameters showed that barely genotypes, Line 9, Rihane 3 and Line 11 were highly adapted to favorable environments for days to 50% heading; Line 6, Line 5 and Giza 2000 for plant height; Giza 126 for flag leaf area; Line 1, Line 11and Rihane 3 for 1000-grain weight; Line 9, Line 7 and Line 2 for biological yield and Line 6, Line 9 and line 10 for grain yield. Genotypic stability parameters indicated that barley genotypes Line 11 and Giza 2000 was highly adapted to favorable environments for days to 50% heading; Line 2 for plant height, 1000-grain weight and biological yield; California mariout, Giza 123, Line 4, Line 6 and Line 7 for grain yield. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis of variance showed highly significant difference among genotypes, environments, G × E, IPCA1 and IPCA2. AMMI stability value (ASV) and GE biplot revealed that, the most desired and stable genotypes were Line 1, Giza 123, California mariout, Line 8 and Line 6 for grain yield. According to genotype plus genotype × environment (GGE) biplots, the ideal genotype was Line 9 for days to 50% heading; Line 6 for plant height; Line 11 for flag leaf area; Line 1 for 1000-grain weight; Line 9 for biological yield and Line 6 for grain yield.
Keywords
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