Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Emerg. Dept., Mechanics and Electricity Dept., Minist. Water Res. and Irrigation, Egypt
2
Nat. Res., Inst. Asian Studies and Res., Zagazig Univ., Egypt
Abstract
The focus of this study is the Philippines, a Southeast Asia country with a land area of around 300,000 square kilometers, comprising 7,641 islands, itsgeographical location is between 4° 40' and 21° 10' North latitude and 116° 40' and 126° 34' East longitude in Southeast Asia. In this research, we aim to analyze the impact of climate change on surface water resources in the country. To achieve this objective, we will evaluate the distribution of the temperature and rainfall in different regions ofthe Philippines, investigate the current effects of climate change on surface water resources, and predict the future implications of climate change on surface water resources. Data related to monthly climate variables were gathered for the Philippines region from 57 meteorological stations, covering the period from 1991 to 2020. The variables included air temperature (minimum and maximum), wind speed, air humidity, sunshine period, irradiance, and precipitation. The sources of this data were the Philippines Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) for the Philippines, as well as the CLIMWAT databases.Graphs are created to visualize changes over time in weather stations. Data were presented using Boxplot. The aridity index was calculated to classify the different climates and assess the available water resources in the Philippines. For geographical areas with similar weather conditions. The aridity scale was calculated as a means of describing the water shortage in each area. The average annual of reference evapotranspiration of water (ETo) of the Philippines is (3.87 mm/day). The correlation between (ETo) and solar radiation is 0.9, which indicates that they are strongly positively correlated, and the correlation between (ETo) with sunshine period, maximum, mean, and minimum air temperature (0.72, 0.71, 0.63, 0.43) respectively indicating that they are positively correlated.The results concluded that the Philippines is divided into four climatic regions.
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