2024-03-29T03:33:31Z
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=8250
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
RESPONSE OF SOYBEAN TO WATER STRESS CONDITIONS AND FOLIAR APPLICATION WITH SALICYLIC AND ASCORBIC ACIDS
Amina
El-Shafey
A field experiment was conducted at Etay El-Baroud Agricultural Research station during the two successive seasons 2012 and 2013 to study the effect of three levels of available soil moisture depletion (ASMD) namely wet (25-30%), medium (45-50%) and dry (65-70%) and foliar spray of salicylic and ascorbic acids singly or in combination at the concentration of 100 and 200 ppm on vegetative growth, yield components and some biochemical constituents of soybean (Glycine max L.). Increasing soil moisture stress up to 65-70% ASMD significantly decreased shoot and leaf dry weight, leaf area and leaf area index as well as, chlorophyll a, b and chl. (a+ b) content, relative water content in leaves and seasonal water consumptive. Whereas, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities, proline content and water use efficiency were significantly increased when, the plants were received medium treatment compared with wet or dry treatment. Dry treatment significantly decreased plant height, number of branches/ plant, number of pods/ plant, weight of seeds/plant, 100-seed weight, harvest index and seed yield/faddan as well as total carbohydrates, protein accumulation and oil content in seeds. Foliar application of either salicylic or ascorbic acid and their combination had significant effect on growth parameters and yield components in both studied seasons, except, shoot dry weight at 90 days after sowing in the first season, leaf dry weight and number of branches/ plant in the second season as well as, number of pods/ plant which were insignificant affected in both seasons. Foliar application with salicylic or ascorbic acid and their combination induced significant increase for chlorophyll a, b content, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities, proline, total carbohydrates, protein accumulation and oil content in seeds as well as, seasonal water consumptive use and water use efficiency compared with untreated plants. The interaction effect between water stress and foliar application of salicylic and ascorbic acids was found to be significant on leaf area, leaf area index, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities and proline in leaves at 75 days after sowing in the second season. The maximum values of water use efficiency were obtained when plants were irrigated at 45-50% ASMD and sprayed with 200 ppm of salicylic or ascorbic acid and their combination at 100 ppm for each.
Soybean
Water stress
Salicylic acid
ascorbic acid
polyphenol oxidase
proline
2017
01
01
1
22
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_53922_d9c3eed94ee44a578f06ad13c52bb938.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
INFLUENCE OF IRRIGATION INTERVAL, BIO AND MINERAL FERTILIZATION AND THEIR INTERACTIONS ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL, ANATOMICAL FEATURES AND PRODUCTIVITY OF MAIZE
El-Sayed
El-Sobky
E.
Desoky
This study was carried out in the Experimental Farm, Fac. Agric., Zagazig Univ., Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, during 2015 and 2016 seasons to find out the effect of irrigation intervals (10 and 16 days) under four bio and mineral fertilization treatments on physiological, anatomicalfeatures, growth and yield of yellow maize cultivar single cross 168. The combined analysis detected significant decrease in maize leaf photosynthetic pigments, photochemical activity, histological features, growth and most yield attributes of maize due to prolonging the irrigation interval to 16 days except each of plant height, ear leaf area, ear length and diameter, number of rows per ear and number of grains per ear which were not significantly affected by irrigation interval. The bio and mineral fertilization treatments caused significant effects on all previous traits. Combined application of biofertilizers with 60 or 80% of the recommended levels of NP gave significant increments in values of leaf photosynthetic pigments, photochemical activity, histological features, growth and yield attributes of maize except both plant height and number of rows per ear which were not significantly affected by fertilization treatments. The interactions between the studied factors had significant effects on some growth and yield attributes. These results are quite interesting as they refers to a complementary positive role between biofertization, mineral NP fertilization and soil moisture content and hence help in minimizing the use of mineral NP fertilizers beyond to 40%. Cerealin + Phosphorein + 60% NP under 16-days irrigation interval treatment can be suggested as a recommended treatment to obtain a promising maize grain yield, saving irrigation water and to minimize soil pollution.
Maize
Irrigation
biofertilizers
P
N
Grain yield
2017
01
30
23
40
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_53923_c9a4a7d42a7ac5d757dc12d6e6de10ac.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF MAIZE HYBRIDS TO NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION
Hytham
El-Shahed
S.
Mowafy
M.
Osman
Nehal
El-Naggar
Two field experiments were conducted at the Experimental Farm, Gemmeiza Agriculture Research station, Agricultural Research Center white maize (ARC), Egypt during two growing seasons (2014 and 2015), to study the response of two maize hybrids i.e., white maize single cross 128 and yellow maize single cross 176 to four nitrogen fertilizer levels i.e. 0, 45, 90 and 135 kg N/fad., and three phosphorus fertilizer levels i.e. 0, 15.5 and 31 kg P2O5/fad. Concerning the obtained results, SC 128 outyielded SC 176 in grain and biological yields (combined data) due to superiority in days to 50% tassiling and silking, leaf chlorophyll content, ear leaf area, leaf area index, relative photosynthetic potential for stover yield/plant, ear length and diameter, stem diameter, number of grains/row, hundred grain weight as well as grain and stover yields/plant, while SC. 176 gave the highest mean for each of plant height and relative photosynthetic potential for grain yield/plant. No significant differences among maize hybrid could be detected in relative photosynthetic potential for biological yield/plant, number of rows/ear, ear leaf efficiency and migration coefficient. Data of combined analysis revealed that addition of nitrogen (N) fertilizer and raising its rate up to 135 kg N/fad., was accompanied by asignificant increase in each of leaf chlorophyll content (mg m-2),plant height, leaf area index (LAI), ear length and diameter, stem diameter, number of rows/ear, number of grains/row, hundred grain weight, grain and stover yields/plant, ear leaf efficacy and migration coefficient, but relative photosynthetic potential for both stover and biological yields/plant were decreased. Increase of phosphorus (P) level up to 31 kg P2O5/fad., was followed by a significant increase in grain yield/fad., and almost all their attributes, but relative photosynthetic potential for both stover and biological yields/plant were decreased. Meantime, ear diameter responded to phosphorus addition up to 15.5 kg P2O5/fad., however, days to 50% tassling and silking were not significantly affected by varying phosphorus levels according to combined analysis. In almost cases, maize hybrid SC. 128 was more efficient and more responsive than SC. 176, where the former was is need to 135 kg N/fad., and 31 kg P2O5/fad., in order to maximize the grain yield to only 42.8 ardab/fad.
Zea mays L., hybrids, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, agronomic characters
Egypt
2017
01
30
41
69
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_53927_7a3393be8683c71c4f9c4ba404cecf38.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
EFFECT OF INTERCROPPING PATTERNS AND NITROGEN FERTILIZER LEVELS ON PRODUCTIVITY OF INTERCROPPED SUGAR BEET AND SUNFLOWER
Ahmed
Sheha
Amira
El-Mehy
Y.
Hefny
Two field experiments were conducted during two winter successive seasons 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 at Gemmeza Research Station, El Gharbia Governorate, Egypt to study the effect of two patterns of mono cropping and intercropping i.e.: P1-Sunflower was planted in one row at the top of the terrace, 20 cm apart between hills one plant hill-1 (17500 plants fad.-1) to achieve (100% sugar beet + 50% sunflower). P2- Sunflower was planted in one row at top of the terrace, 30 cm apart between hills one plant hill-1 (11666 plants fad.-1) to achieve (100%sugar beet + 33.33% sunflower). P3- Sunflower was planted in one row at top of the terrace, 40 cm apart between hills one plant hill-1 ( 8315 plants fad.-1) to achieve (100%sugar beet + 25% sunflower). In all intercropping patterns, sugar beet was planted at 20 cm a part on two sides of the terrace (35000 plants fad.-1). The sole treatments of sugar beet and sunflower were grown at the recommended densities (35000 plants fad.-1) 20 cm, one plant hill-1 in one side in ridge 60 cm wide, and three nitrogen fertilizer levels (80, 100 and 120 kg N fad.-1) on yield and land use efficiency of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) – sunflower (Helianthus annuus (L.) Merr.) intercropped. The results showed that: root length and diameter, top and root weights plant-1 and top, root and sugar yields fad.-1, as well as purity, total soluble solids (%) (TSS%) and sucrose (%) of sugar beet were significantly increased by reducing sunflower plant density in intercropped with sugar beet from 50 to 33.3 and up to 25% of its pure stand in both seasons and their combined analysis. The reduction in root yield fad.-1, of sugar beet were 8.64 and 4.58% for intercropping patterns which including 50.0 and 33.3% sunflower plant density of its pure stand in combined analysis, respectively, compared with 25.0%. Increasing N fertilizer levels from 80 up to 120 Kg N fad.-1, significantly increased all aforementioned traits of sugar beet, expect quality traits behaved with opposite trend in both seasons and combined analysis. There was significant effect of relay intercropping patterns in most sunflower traits. Plant height and seed yield fad.-1, of sunflower were significantly increased by increasing sunflower plant density with sugar beet from 25, 33.3 and up to 50%, whereas yield components showed opposite trend in both seasons as well combined analysis. All aforementioned traits of sunflower were significantly increased by increasing N fertilizer level from 80, 100 and up to 120Kg N fad.-1, in both seasons and combined analysis. The highest value of Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) 1.50, Land Equivalent Coefficient (LEC) (0.53), Area Time Equivalent Ratio (ATER) (1.15) were obtained with intercropping planting pattern (100% sugar beet + 50% sunflower) at 120 Kg N fad.-1, and the best yield advantage Relative Crowding Coefficient (RCC) was obtained with (100% sugar beet + 25% sunflower) at the same level of N fertilizer. The highest values of Monetary Advantage Index (MAI) (4750 LE) and gross profit (14252 LE) were showed with (100% sugar beet + 50% sunflower) under 120 Kg N fad-1.
Sugar beet
Sunflower
Intercropping
nitrogen fertilizer
Economic Evaluation
2017
01
30
71
85
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_53928_fb082bd373cc6bbf18c850f8a04db9ef.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF FERTILIZATION ON MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS AND CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF THREE CULTIVARS OF Hibiscus rosa-sinensis PLANTS
Abd El-Ghafour
El-Sayed
Mona
Darwesh
A.
Nabih
Marwa
Soliman
The experimental trail was performed throughout two successive seasons (2013 and 2014) with the aim of improving growth and quality of three Hibiscus rosa-sinensis cultivars (red flowers “San Diego”, yellow flowers “Butterfly” and orange flowers “Peach Schnapps”). Thus, the effect of three types of fertilization with different levels and some combinations with them, Lithovit (Nano-fertilizer), Diatoms (Algae-fertilizer) and Kristalon (NPK 19:19:19 and micro-elements) on the three cultivars were investigated in both seasons. The results emphasized that Hibiscus cv. San Diego was the best cultivar used for its superiority in producing the tallest plant, the heaviest fresh weight of vegetative growth, the highest number of flowers/plant, and the heaviest fresh weight of roots. Meanwhile Peach Schnapps cv. gave the highest number of leaves/plant, whereas, Butterfly cv. produced the highest number of branches/plant. On the other side, supplying plants with Kristalon alone or combined with fertilizers proved its superiority in improving plant parameters in most cases. The highest records of number of leaves/plant or number of branches/plant were a result of supplying plants with Kristalon at 2 g/pot. Meanwhile, the heaviest fresh weight of vegetative growth and the highest number of flowers/plant were a result of applying Kristalon at 4 g/pot. Similarly, the combination of Diatoms at 100 cm3 /pot + Kristalon at 2 g/pot succeeded in producing the tallest plant and the highest number of branches/plant. Meanwhile, supplying plants with Diatoms at 200 cm3 /pot was the best treatment for producing the heaviest fresh weight of roots. Chemical constituents of the plants were also affected by the different Hibiscus rosa-sinensis cultivars and fertilizer treatments. Peach Schnapps cv. recorded the highest value of N% in leaves, Butterfly cv. was the best for raising P and K% in leaves. Furthermore, the highest N% in leaves was a result of supplying plants with Diatoms at either 100 or 200 cm3/pot or Kristalon at 4 g/pot or the combination of Diatoms at 100 cm3/pot + Kristalon at 2 g/pot. Moreover, supplying plants with Diatoms at 50 or 200 cm3/pot or the combination of Diatoms at 100 cm3/pot + Kristalon at 2 g/pot caused a clear increment in P% in leaves. Meanwhile, treating plants with Lithovit at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 g/l or Kristalon 4g/pot gave the highest values of K% in leaves. Additionally, either Hibiscus cv. Peach Schnapps or cv. San Diego were the best cultivars in raising total carbohydrates (%) in the leaves. Also, treating plants with the combination of Diatoms at 100 cm3 /pot + Kristalon at 2 g/pot was the best treatment in raising total carbohydrates (%) in leaves. From the above outlined results it could be recommended to supply plants with Kristalon at 2 or 4 g/pot or with the combination of Diatoms at 100 cm3/pot + Kristalon at 2 g/pot to achieve the hope of producing Hibiscus rosa-sinensis plants with high quality.
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis cultivars
kristalon
diatoms
Lithovit
2017
01
30
87
102
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_53929_d87bc8126c94c97953c2656c3421ca9f.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
EVALUATION OF SOME METHODS OF IRON AND BORON APPLICATION ON PRODUCTIVITY AND FRUIT QUALITY OF DATE PALM CV SAMANY
Salah
Abd-Elhaliem
R.
Al-Ashkar
A.
Mohsen
B.
AbdAlla
This experiment was conducted during 2014 and 2015 seasons in a Private Orchard at Hirriyat Resznah Village, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, to study the effect of different methods of fertilization with some minor elements (iron –Fe and boron –B) namely foliar application, trunk injection and soil application on yield and fruit quality of Samany date palm grown in clay soil under flood irrigation. Results indicated that date palm injection stem with Fe+B recorded the highest values of yield/palm, bunch weight, number of fruits/strand, average fruit weight, TSS, total and non reducing sugars and Vit. C content. The application of Fe + B in leaves axiles with abaxial bunch increased N, P contents and total protein in mature fruits in both seasons. Fe and B concentrations in fruits and pinnaes were the highest with the trees which sprayed Fe+B on bunch. Soil application with Fe+B was the superior treatment in increasing the contents of N, P, K and the concentration of Fe and B in roots of palm than other application method treatments. On the other hand, control treatment (untreated palms) recorded the highest values of total tannins in fruits and lowest values of all above-mentioned traits in both seasons.
date palm
Samany
Micronutrients
application methods
trunk injection
2017
01
30
103
115
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_53931_4c4734c9c8989dcdbf7e5b5883af26eb.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
MILK THISTLE GROWTH, PRODUCTIVITY AND CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AS AFFECTED BY FOLIAR APPLICATION OF PHENYLALANINE AND TRYPTOPHAN
Asmaa
Abdel-Kareem
H.
El-Shamy
A.
Dawh
S.
Gwiefel
The present work was done at the Experimental Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, ZagazigUniversity (Al-Khattara), Sharkia Governorate, Egypt during two consecutive seasons of 2012-2013 and 2013-2014. Different concentrations (0, 100, 200 or 300 mg/l) of L-phenylalanine or L-tryptophan each alone were foliar applied to milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.) plants to assess their effects on growth, productivity and chemical constituents. Obtained results demonstrated that the maximum values of plant growth characters (plant height, number of main branches, number of leaves /plant and herb fresh weight), yield components (number of fruits/plant, fruit weight, weight of 1000 seeds, seed weight/plant and seed yield/faddan) and chemical constituents (total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and total carbohydrates percentages in leaves as well as total phenolic compounds content of seeds) were recorded by spraying the plants with the highest concentration (300 mg/l) of each compound alone.
Silybum marianum L
foliar application
phenylalanine and tryptophan
2017
01
30
117
127
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_53932_dbfc7860df2c9ec0fcd00fb017683cf2.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
اســــتجابــة شــــتلات الـــزيتـــــون للـــــرش بالـــزنــک والمنجنيـــــــــــز
مصطفى
الحديثي
رائد
الحسناوي
أُجريت هذه الدراسة في أحد البيوت البلاستيکية التابعة لقسم البستنة وهندسة الحدائق بکلية الزراعة – جامعة بغداد/ الجادرية، للموسم 2016 على شتلات الزيتون صنف اشرسي بعمر سنة واحدة لمعرفة تأثير رش الزنک والمنجنيز على صفات النمو الخضري ومحتوى الأوراق من العناصر الغذائية، تضمنت الدراسة عاملان هما: الرش بکبريتات الزنک (Zn) وکبريتات المنجنيز (Mn) والتي أجريت في بداية شهر آذار حيث يتم استخدام أربعة مستويات للزنک هي: صفر (Zn0) و1 (Zn1) و2 (Zn2) و 3 (Zn3) جم.لتر-1 وثلاثة مستويات من المنجنيز هي: صفر (Mn0) و2 (Mn2) و4 (Mn4) جم.لتر-1، صممت المعاملات کتجربة عاملية بتصميم القطاعات کاملة العشوائية بثلاثة مکررات بواقع شتلتين لکل وحدة تجريبية وبذلک يکون عدد الشتلات الداخلة في التجربة 72 شتلة، أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن توليفات عاملي الدراسة أعطت زيادة معنوية في معظم صفات النمو الخضري المدروسة، حيث أعطت معاملة التداخل (3 جم.لتر-1 من کبريتات الزنک + 4 جم.لتر-1 من کبريتات المنجنيز) زيادة معنوية في مساحة الورقة ومحتوى الأوراق من کل من الکلوروفيل، K ، P ، N، المنجنيز والزنک.
شتلات الزيتون
الرش بالزنک
الرش بالمنجنيز
النمو الخضري
2017
01
30
129
136
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_53934_33fc96bbcfd5c4ce6b50e154adea7796.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
تأثير الرش بمستخلص الثوم وعرق السوس على النمو الخضري لشتلات الکمثرى
محمد
شاکر
وليد
الراوي
أُجريت التجربة في أحد البساتين الخاصة الواقعة في مدينة الغزالية غرب بغداد، للموسمين 2015 و2016, على شتلات الکمثرى عثماني عمر سنتين لدراسة تأثير الرش بمستخلصي الثوم وعرق السوس على بعض الصفات الخضرية والمحتوى الهرموني والمعدني للأوراق، استخدم في التجربة عاملين الأول هو عامل رش مستخلص الثوم ((Ga بأربعة مستويات هي بدون رش (Ga0) ورش 5 مل.لتر-1 (Ga5) ورش 10 مل.لتر-1 (Ga10) و رش 20 مل.لتر-1 (GA20)، العامل الثاني هو رش مستخلص جذور عرق السوس (Li) بأربعة مستويات هي الرش بالماء فقط (Li0) ورش 2.5 جم.لتر-1 (Li2.5) ورش 5 جم.لتر-1 (Li5) ورش 10 جم.لتر-1 ((Li10، وبثلاث رشات لکل منهما، المدة بين کل رشة وأخرى 10 أيام، نفذت التجربة وفق نظام تصميم القطاعات العشوائية الکاملة (RCBD) بثلاثة مکررات وبشتلتين لکل وحدة تجريبية، وأظهرت النتائج أن التداخل بين رش مستخلص الثوم ومستخلص عرق السوس أثر معنوياً في جميع الصفات المدروسة وکانت أعلى المتوسطات لأغلب الصفات المدروسة عند الرش الورقي بمستخلص الثوم بترکيز 20 مل.لتر-1 مع 5 أو 10 جم.لتر-1 من مستخلص جذور عرق السوس, فقد أعطت معاملة الرش بـــ20 مل.لتر-1 من مستخلص الثوم + 5 جم.لتر-1 من مستخلص عرق السوس أکبر مساحة للورقة، في حين تحقق أکبر عدد من الأوراق وأعلى زيادة في قطر الساق وأعلى محتوى للأوراق من الکلوروفيل نتيجة لمعاملة الرش بمستخلص الثوم ومستخلص عرق السوس بترکيز 20 مل.لتر-1 و10 جم.لتر-1 لکل منهما على التوالي.
مستخلص الثوم
مستخلص جذور عرق السوس
مستويات الرش
النمو الخضري
شتلات الکمثرى
2017
01
30
137
144
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_53935_f411710fc899136d47dec8331f4dab85.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
EFFECT OF IRRIGATION WATER QUANTITY AND SOME BIOSTIMULANTS ON PLANT WATER RELATIONSHIP, WATER USE EFFICIENCY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF TOMATO GROWN IN PLASTIC HOUSE
Manal
Mandour
Two plastic house experiments were conducted in 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons at EL-Kassasein Research Station, Hort. Res. Inst., Agric.Res.Center, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. It aims to study the effect of irrigation water quantities (IWQ), some bio-stimulants and their interactions on growth, plant water relationship and yield as well as water use efficiency of tomato plants under sandy soil conditions. The obtained results showed that, tomato plants which irrigated with high level of water (153 m3/plastic house) combined with Actosol + Effective microorganism (EM) as soil application, significantly increased main stem length, number of leaves/main stem, and dry weight of main stem, total and free water (%) in leaf tissues, fruit weight, yield/plant and total yield/ plastic house in both seasons. While, the lowest values of the above-mentioned parameters were recorded with the interaction between the lowest level of IWQ (91 m3/plastic house) and fertilized with the recommended mineral nitrogen dose (control) in both seasons. Bound water (%) in leaf tissues and water use efficiency as well as TSS (%) in tomato fruits were increased with the interaction between the lowest level of IWQ and Actosol + EM in both seasons.
Tomato
IWQ
yield
plant water relations
water use efficiency
2017
01
30
145
157
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_53940_70ced4e6272a8e5b1b68d09e7aaabd53.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
CUTTING PROPAGATION OF Pachira aquatica Aubl. AS INFLUENCED BY MEDIUM TYPE AND INDOLE-3-BUTYRIC ACID CONCENTRATION
El-Sayed
Hamad
G.
Eisa
M.
Abdelkader
This study was conducted at Ornamental Nursery, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt, during two consecutive seasons of 2015 and 2016. The objective of this study was to investigate two of the key factors likely to influence rooting ability i.e., indole butyric acid (IBA) concentration (0.0, 1000, 2000 or 4000 ppm) and rooting media type (sand, peat moss, sand: peat moss or sand: clay, at equal volume proportions) as well as their combinations on rooting and shooting ability and quality of Pachira aquatica cuttings. Rooting (%), root number/cutting, root length (cm), fresh and dry weights of roots/cutting (g), No. of shoots/cutting, fresh and dry weights of shoots/ cutting (g), No. of leaves/cutting, leaf area/cutting (cm2) as well as fresh and dry weights of leaves/cutting (g) as growth parameters were recorded. Also, total chlorophyll (SPAD unit), total carbohydrates (%), total nitrogen (%), total phosphorus (%) and potassium (%) in the leaves were determined. Moreover, anatomical study was conducted for selected treatment (peat moss and sand, 1:1 V/V, with different IBA concentrations). Results showed that in most cases the maximum values of the above mentioned characters were obtained by treating cuttings with IBA at 4000 ppm. Anatomical study of adventitious roots showed that the maximum root diameter with full differentiated vascular tissue was belonged to cuttings treated with IBA at 4000 ppm. The ultimate values of most of the above mentioned parameters were detected when cuttings were cultured in peat moss or its mixture with sand without significant difference between both treatments. Generally, among different combination treatments, treating cuttings with IBA at 4000 ppm before culturing them in peat moss and sand (1:1, V/V) proved to be the most promising treatment in this regard.
Pachira aquatica
propagation
Cutting
Rooting
IBA
medium
Growth
anatomical study
2017
01
30
159
170
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_53941_f02f00746ed546a6d6155ef13dadeb59.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
PERFORMANCE OF GRAIN YIELD, BIOCHEMICAL AND ANATOMICAL CHARACTERS UNDER WATER STRESS CONDITIONS IN SOME BREAD WHEAT GENOTYPES
Manal
Hassan
Sheren
Nathan
T.
Eid
G.
Eisa
A field experiment was carried out during 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 winter growing seasons at the Experimental Farm, Kafr El-Hamam Agricultural Research Station, Zagazig, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, to evaluate 20 wheat genotypes and cultivars under three irrigation regimes. Plants in the first regime were irrigated four times after planting irrigation (normal irrigation I1). In the second regime plants were irrigated two times after planting irrigation (I2). In the third regime plants were given one surface-irrigation 25 days after planting irrigation (I3). A wide border (7m) was made to minimize the underground water permeability surrounded each experiment. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. Highly significant genotype differences were registered for grain yield and its components in both seasons and combined. The interactions between genotypes and water regime treatments for grain yield and its components were highly significant for all characters in both seasons and combined except for 1000 grain weight in first season. The obtained results showed that I1 treatment gave the highest water consumptive use and applied irrigation water. Results indicated that values of water consumptive use in the first season were 520.1, 382.6 and 275.3 mm for irrigation regimes I1, I2 and I3, respectively. However, in the second season the corresponding values of the water consumptive use were 494.7, 370.9 and 263.4 mm, respectively. Genotype No. 2 gave the least value of water consumptive use, while genotype No. 13 recorded the highest water consumptive use. Water utilization efficiency (kg grains/ m3 applied water) revealed that I3 gave the highest value, whereas I1was the lowest one. The highest water utilization efficiency was registered by Genotype 8, while genotype 3 recorded the lowest value for this measurement. Drought sensitivity index (DSI) reveal that genotypes No 1, 5, 8, 10, 12, 16 and 18 were tolerant to water stress. Moderate drought stress resulted in significant increase in total soluble sugars, proline and free amino acids in the studied genotypes. Under sever stress, the above mentioned characters significantly increased in genotypes No 1, 2 and 3 compared to other tested genotypes. Therefore wheat genotypes No.1, 2 and 3 could be classified as more tolerant to moderate drought stress. Anatomical features of 5 wheat genotypes were influenced by drought stress. It has been noticed that genotype No. 20 recorded the highest reduction in anatomical characters. On the other hand, the least reduction was detected in genotype No. 1 compared to other tested genotypes. Genotype No. 1 appeared to be more tolerant to drought stress as it exhibited DSI less than unity and gave increase in total soluble sugars, proline and free amino acids with lowest reduction in leaf anatomical characteristics. The study recommend genotype No. 1 as more tolerant to drought stress with good level of yield productivity.
Wheat
genotypes
Drought stress
osmoprotactants
anatomy
2017
01
30
171
190
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_53943_875f8b2b92418538928409f6363fb139.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
WATER QUALITY EVALUATION FOR SUPPLEMENTARY IRRIGATION of CROPS GROWN IN SHARKIA GOVERNORATE, EGYPT
Adly
Abd Al-Hamid
K.
Soliman
A.
Nasr-Alla
M.
Abu-Hashim
Water scarcity may become a real challenge in Egypt in the near future. Samples of irrigation and drainage water were taken monthly from Belbais, El-Qalubia main drains, and El-Ismailia canal to assess water quality and suitability for irrigation purposes. Salinity of water ranged between 0.33 and 2.45 dsm-1 and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) ranged between 3.6 to 15.94. Ranges of heavy metals in mgl-1 were 1.02-6.9 for Fe, 0.05-0.49 for Mn, 0.15-1.1 for Zn, 0.005-0.2 for Cu, 0.004-0.8 for Co, 0.03-0.24 for Ni, 0.001-0.7 for Cd, 0.14-0.84 for B, 0.41-5.7 for Pb, and 0.83-9.2 for NO3, with cases of possible high contents of heavy metals in El-Manzala lake. According to USDA (1954), water class of Belbais and El-Qalubia main drains, and El-Ismailia canal is C3S1 (high salinity, low sodicity). According to Gupta (1984) water class is C3S3 (high salinity, high sodicity). For trace elements and heavy metals based on the recommended maxima of the US committee on water quality, there is no hazard for Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb, or Ni, but Cd content exceeded the permissible limits of 0.01 to 0.05 mgl-1. Manganese exceeded the limit for continuous use in water of Belbais and El-Qalubia main drains; cobalt exceeded the limit in continuous use, but may be used for only 20 years in heavy soils. Other assessments including SAR/ SCAR were also carried out.
water scarcity
Irrigation
salinity
trace elements
Heavy metals
2017
01
30
191
204
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_53945_5570e364d7a1d4e06a94b2b2f4f33484.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
EFFECT OF SOME EXTENDERS ON CHILLED RABBIT SEMEN STORED AT 5°C FOR 48 HOURS
Sameh
Abd El-Nour
A.
Daader
A.
Abdine
L.
Bahgat
With the global demand for rabbit meat steadily increasing, commercial rabbit breeding has become more dependent on artificial insemination (AI) rather than traditional natural mating. The study aimed to compare coconut milk (CME) as a novel extender for rabbit semen with Tris Yolk-Glucose (TYG) and Lactose Yolk-Citrate (LYC), to evaluate the in vitro presrevability of rabbit spermatozoa stored at 5°C for 48 hr. Twelve New Zealand White (NZW) rabbit bucks were used to collect semen. Semen was pooled, partioned to three portions and then diluted with one of three different extenders; Tris Yolk-Glucose, Lactose Yolk-Citrate or Coconut Milk. The dilution rate was 1:4 (volume: volume) and stored at 5°C for 48 hr., the experiment lasted for 8 weeks. Sperm motility, dead sperms, abnormal sperms and acrosome loss percentage were evaluated in chilled semen at 0, 24 and 48hr. of storage. The results showed that sperm motility was the highest at both 24 and 48hr. storage with TYG compared with LYC and CME without significant statistical differences between them. There were significant differences between extenders at 24hr. of storage with respect to the percentage of dead spermatozoa; the lowest percentages were recorded in semen stored with TYG. The CME extender gave significantly the highest values of abnormal sperms (29.16%) at 48hr. than TYG and LYC (23.16 and 26.33%, respectively). At 48hr. of storage, higher acrosome lossvalues were found with CME (27%) compared with TYG and LYC extenders (21.16 and 21.50%), respectively. The lowest values for the acrosome loss(21.16%), during the 48 hr., storage were obtained with TYG.
extenders
chilled rabbit semen
2017
01
30
205
214
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_53946_9eb6c655a6227d1f82579e67ec444251.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
EFFECTS OF BREED, PROBIOTIC AND THEIR INTERACTION ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, CARCASS TRAITS AND BLOOD PROFILE OF GROWING RABBITS
This study was performed to investigate the effects of breed, probiotic (as growth promoter agent) and their interactions on growth performance traits, carcass traits and serum biochemistry of growing rabbits from 5 to 13 weeks of age. A 2 × 5 factorial design experiment was performed including two rabbit breeds: New Zealand White (NZW) as forgin breed and Baladi Black (BB) and five treatments of probiotics. Seventy five growing rabbits with in breed were divided into 5 treatments (15 rabbits in each) were fed on the basal diet and treated as follows; the first group was untreated with probiotics (T1), the second group was given a dose of 1 ml of Bifidobacterium bifiduim fresh culture suspension containing 1×107 CFU (T2), the third group was given a dose of 1 ml of Lactobacillus acidophilus fresh culture suspension containing 7×106 CFU (T3), the fourth group was given a dose of 1 ml of bacterial mixture (Bifidobacterium bifiduim and Lactobacillus acidophilus) fresh culture suspension containing 3.5 × 107 CFU (T4) and the fifth group was given a dose of 1 ml of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (T5), in each group. The results showed that the live body weight, body weight gain and relative weight gain of growing rabbits were significantly (P<0.05 or 0.001) affected with breed types at the most of the experimental periods studied. Breed type was insignificantly affected on feed intake during all the experimental periods, except that only significant (P<0.01) effect, during the period of 5-7 weeks of age. Breed type significantly (P<0.05, 0.01 and 0.001) affected on feed conversion ratio during the periods of 5-7, <9-11, <11-13 and 5-13 weeks of age. However, breed type significantly (P<0.001) affected all blood components studied where BB rabbits generally recorded the higher values of RBC count, WBC count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, total protein, albumin and liver enzymes (ALT and AST) than the NZW rabbits. Breed type had a significant effect (P < 0.001) on all studied carcass traits, except carcass and dressing percentages. In general, probiotics treatment groups were significantly (P<0.01 or 0.001) affected on rabbits live body weight at most experimental periods. All probiotic treatments increased significantly live body weight as compared with control group. All probiotic treatment groups significantly (P≤0.05 or 0.001) affected on feed conversion ratio. In general, probiotic treatments improved significantly (P≤0.05 or 0.001) feed conversion ratio. Probiotics treatments affected significantly (P<0.001) on all blood components studied, except globulin level. Moreover, most probiotic treatments were increased significantly (P<0.001) carcass traits studied as compared with control group. Interaction between breed type and kind of probiotics treatments were insignificantly effected on growth performance of rabbits at all the experimental periods studied.
breed
probiotic
performance
carcass
Blood
Rabbit
2017
01
30
215
227
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_53947_cb6f3588e458b581e016d7872c665ad0.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FOOD INTAKE AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN SOME PATIENTS IN ZAGAZIG, SHARKIA GOVERNORATE
Shaimaa
Mansour
A.
Guirguis
Madeha
El-Shewey
This study was carried out during 2010 -2014 years on 20 cardiac patient subjects. They were random selected from Zagazig University Hospitals in Sharkia Governorate. The patients agreed to participate in the controlled diet study. They were already hospitalized and offered the experimental diet and were followed up completely in the hospital. The experiment was planned in such a way that the daily food taken by patients would confirm to certain specifications. Thus the caloric content of the diet and total fat intake where reduced in addition to a considerable cut down of saturated fat, also the cholesterol content were reduced in the diet. The experimental period lasted 6 months with no dropouts. All patients were advised to avoid certain foods, and not allowed to consume any additional foods. Information on the dietary intake of all individuals collected every day. A follow up of the dietary of all individuals were undertaken for the period of the study in order to study the differences in attitude cards of food before and after the start of the study. The results show that reduce the amount of calories from 262.8 grams/day before the start of feeding to 225.4 grams/day after 6 months of feeding and reduce the amount of intake of animal fat and carbohydrates from 52.2 g/day to 38.6 g / day and 422.6 to 354.8 g/day, respectively, to reduce blood content of triglycerides , cholesterol , LDL and HDL from 240.20, 296.40, 128.30 and 114.20 mg/100 g, respectively, before the start of feeding to 158, 90, 239.25, 86.40 and 112.80 mg / 100 g, respectively. From the results conclude that heart disease linked to nutrition, where the increase in the amount of calories, animal fats saturated and sugar has a significant impact on increasing the concentration of lipids in the blood, and moderate food in the amount of calories and low intake in animal and content of fat on the appropriate amount of unsaturated oils have content a beneficial effect in reducing the proportion of fat in the blood. Saturated fats and oils are considered a serious contributing factor to heart disease.
patients
Cholesterol
heart disease
triglycerides
calories
2017
01
30
229
238
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_53951_62f913b38f3088f1edef3b6d4d65f7ff.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
CHARACTERIZATION OF BOTH BANANA PEEL AND WATERMELON PEEL AS NATURAL BIOSORBENT AGENTS OF IRON IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION
Ayman
Gomaa
The removal of iron (III) from aqueous solutions was studied using dried banana peel (Bp) and watermelon peel (Wp) as biosorbents. The biosorbents were characterized through the proximate contents of moisture (Bp 3.44% Wp 3.45%), protein (9.2% Bp, 14.25% Wp), fats (Bp 1.78% Wp 1.33%), fiber (36.89% Bp, 33.58% Wp), ash (Bp 21.36% Wp 15.86%) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Variable parameters such sorbent dosage (0.1, 0.25, 0.5–2 g/100 ml), and initial concentration of iron (III) (1000, 500, 100 and 50 ppm) and there remediation effects were investigated. Under optimum conditions, Bp showed the highest sorption efficiency i.e., 66.5% for 2% while Wp amounted 55.1% for 0.1%. Under optimum conditions the concentration of 100 ppm showed the highest sorption efficiency which was 56.07% for Bp and 61.1% for Wp at the mean of doses. The results showed that natural dried banana peel and watermelon peel were effective sorbents for removal of iron (III) from aqueous solutions.
sorption
Fe (III)
aqueous solutions
banana peel
watermelon peel
Heavy metals
2017
01
30
239
246
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_53953_7412137945c0f47224685886eb5a8bc0.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
EFFICACY OF SOME INERT DUSTS AGAINST THE RICE WEEVIL, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) ON WHEAT AND RICE GRAINS
Manar
Amin
M.
Aamir
R.
Mohamed
S.
Abd-Alla
The present work aimed to study the efficacy of some inert dusts, i.e., calcium carbonate (Caco3), white cement, black cement, sand, espidage, phosphate rock, sulfur flowers, talc powder (Mgo), animal dung ash, zinc dust, diatomaceous earth (DE), silica gel and katel-sous (Ks) against adults of the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) on two grain hosts (wheat and rice) comparing with the organophosphorous insecticide malathion. The results indicated that adult mortality was concentration and exposure period dependent. The most effective dust was katel-sous (Ks) powder. The next effective dust was black cement, the other tested materials recorded different percentages of cumulative mortality and could be arranged descendingly according to their efficiency as follows: sulfur flowers dust, diatomaceous earth, white cement, phosphate rock, zinc dust, animal dung ash, espidage, calcium carbonate, talc dust, sand and silica gel dust. The order of efficiency of these dusts was changed when tested on rice grain. The number of progenies descended from adults of S. oryzae that survived with the tested dusts for a period of 15 days on wheat and rice grains were influenced significantly by the type of dusts. The lowest number of progeny was produced by the survivors of sulfur dust. The highest number of progenies was recorded for the insects of control. The tested materials affected significantly the grain weight loss. Sulfur dust was the most effective protectants as it reduced the grain weight loss to the lowest value. The least effective dust in reducing grain weight loss was silica gel dust. On rice grains the percentages of grain weight loss were generally less than those of wheat grains because the rice grains were less preferable for breeding this insect, so, the numbers of produced progenies were less than those on wheat. All tested dusts attained some protection to treated grains, therefore, germination of grains treated with these dusts was generally increased.
Inert dusts
Sitophilus oryzae
Wheat
rice
weight loss
Germination
2017
01
30
247
259
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_53954_1865026274d9d49be140be02e19be742.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
EFFICACY AND VIRULENCE OF Spodoptera littoralis NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS on S. littoralis LARVAL FEEDING AND SUSCEPTIBILITY
Lamiaa
Abdel-Khalik
E.
El-Sheikh
D.
Ragheb
M.
Ashour
Entomopathogenic baculoviruses have long been recognized as vital environmentally safe alternatives to chemical pesticides. A study for investigating the virulence and susceptibility of Spodoptera littoralis larvae to S. littoralis nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliNPV) isolate was carried out. Bioassay experiments on the 1st and 2nd larval instars using droplet feeding method revealed that polyhedral for 50% or 90% mortality of the 2nd larval instar of S. littoralis was significantly lower compared with the 1st instar. While, the 1st instar was killed faster than the 2nd one especially with the higher concentration. The susceptibility of the infected 2nd instar when feeding on different hosts showed that larvae were more susceptible when feeding on eggplant leaves followed by lettuce leaves, artificial diet and tomato leaves as shown by larval weight and reduction in feeding. The reduction in both larval weight and feeding were significantly higher with 1x107 PIB/ml than 1x104 PIB/ml in the majority of cases. S. littoralis larvae showed more than 2 times of tolerant to the 3rd passage of SpliNPV on the level of LC50 and more than 18 times tolerant on the level of LC90. The tolerant levels of S. littoralis larvae for the 3rd passage of virus was associated with more than 20% increase in time taken for kill with no changes in DNA patterns regarding subsequent passages in S. littoralis larvae using a restriction enzyme EcoRI.
S. littoralis
SpliNPV
susceptibility
plant hosts
DNA profile
2017
01
30
261
271
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_53955_a1e9795376130794a71418ecba8c3380.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
EFFECT OF SOME CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL METHODS IN CONTROLLING Ommatissus lybicus BERG. IN THE FIELD
Mohammed
Ghani
R.
Mhmod
B.
Issa
Experiments were conducted at date palm orchard, Diyala Governorate, Iraq, during spring and autumn seasons, 2014. The objectives were to evaluate the efficiency of some chemical and biological pesticides with different applying methods (injection, irrigation and spraying) to control Ommatissus lybicus Berg on date palm in the field, minimizing environmental pollution and chosen suitable applying date and technique for controlling the pest during palm fruits formation, especially at chmiry and rutab stages. Chemical pesticide commercially known salut 50% EC (effective chemical material, dimetheate 22.2% + chlorpyrifos 27.8%) and Actara 25% wg (effective chemical material, thiamthoxam). Foliar fertilizer known Poly Sulfide and Biocont, different methods (injection, irrigation and spraying) were applied. Results showed significant differences among treatments. Salut had highest efficiency in reducing pest’s number (100% after two weeks) when using injection method whereas Actara efficiency was 87% in spring method. Moreover, injection of Salut had positive effect in reducing viable eggs number and increasing dead ones, which amounted 350,00 dead eggs and 109,00 viable eggs, while injection of Actara resulted in increasing dead eggs (344,68) and viable eggs was 120,71. In autumn season, and due to premature phase locally called Rutab stage of date palm fruit, biological pesticides Biocont and Poly Sulfide used to avoid chemical pollution in environment. Biocont had superiority in efficiency (91%) during second and third weeks in reducing viable eggs and increasing dead eggs. The average of dead and viable eggs number were 245.00 at 230.00 eggs, respectively. In Biocont treatments foliar spraying had less efficiency as compared with injection method.
Dubas bug
Ommatissus lybicus Berg
date palm
chemical control
biological control
2017
01
30
273
280
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_53957_8ece9d3980f5d5584aa7f87674c4b450.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
IMPACT OF GARLIC EXTRACT IN COMPARISON WITH CHLOROPYRIFOSE INSECTICIDE AGAINST CERTAIN PESTS AND ASSOCIATED PREDATORS IN COTTON FIELDS AT SHARKIA GOVERNORATE, EGYPT
Mohamed
Ibrahim
H.
Al-Shannaf
A.
Zaki
M.
Hegab
Field experiments were conducted in cotton fields, Gossypium barbadense L. variety Giza 86 at Zagazig District, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt during 2014 season. Four programs were applied with three respective sprays for each using commercial formulation of garlic extract Nat-108 and varied as spray start times and interval periods towards the development of more environmentally sound technologies for management of cotton aphids (Aphis gossyppii), cotton thrips (Thrips tabaci), sweet potato whitefly (Bemesia tabaci), spider mites (Tetranychus spp.), leafhoppers (Empoasca spp.), green stink bug (Nezara viridula), pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella) and cotton leafworm (Spodoptera littoralis). In addition to the side effects on several predators species found in cotton fields associated with cotton pests, such as, coccinellids, chrysopids, staphylinids, anthocorid, dipterous and true spiders were studied. Results, educed that the commercial formulation of garlic extract at the rate of 1 litter/100 litter water showed relatively high efficiency against aphids, leafhoppers and thrips, with maximum reduction percentages of 81.33, 82.51 and 84.12%, respectively; moderate efficiency against pink bollworm, whitefly, spider mites, green stink bug with maximum reduction percentages of 61.50, 78.89, 67.56 and 54.46%, respectively and low efficacy against predators except at the end season where the relatively highest reduction percentage was 62.91%, while it was less effective against the cotton leaf worm ranged 23.30-25.80% reduction in comparison with 70.56-90.00% reduction in cotton leafworm population for Dursban (chloropyrifose). So, the garlic extract cannot considered as a botanical pesticide against S. littoralis under cotton field conditions at Sharkia Governorate but needs more studies to evaluate its efficacy on different levels of S. littoralis infestation and stags. In regard to the programs results for garlic extract efficacy, it cleared that the first program tended to be the highest sustainable control of aphids, whitefly, thrips and spider mites on cotton plants, where the sprays started just after cotton plants emergence, whereas the numbers of pests were very low while the third program where the sprays started after 20 days of cotton plants emergence was tended to be the highest sustainable control of leafhoppers. In case of N. viridula, it could be decided that the organophosphorous pesticide, Dursban can be used as effective insecticide especially at the end season period. Finally, garlic extract was tended to be safe to predators especially throughout its effective activity period during the period from seedling to the end of growing season of cotton plants that confirmed by the results of the third program which ranged 2.57-21.46% reduction percentages in predators population. So, garlic extract could be recommended to be used effectively against cotton aphids, leafhoppers, cotton thrips and pink bollworm in IPM program of cotton pests in cotton fields. The organophosphorous compound, Dursban can be considered as good control pesticide against tested pests recorded reduction percentages ranged 56.99-96.99% but caused serious damage to associated predators on cotton plants at the end of season period recorded reduction percentages reached to 99.76% that disturbed the natural balance in cotton cultivation area environment.
Garlic extract (Nat-108)
chloropyrifose
cotton pests
spraying program
2017
01
30
281
293
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_54299_b7bd67da3b7210d39ed0691726575d68.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
IMPROVING WATER HARVESTING TECHNIQUES IN WADI EL RAML-MATROUH-EGYPT
Ehab
Abd-El Aaty
M.
Morad
M.
Afifi
S.
Sharkawy
A water harvesting machine was manufactured to be suitable for rainfall water harvesting in farm through different techniques under rainfed agriculture conditions to maximize crop and water productivity. Field experiments were established at Wadi El Raml, Matrouh Governorate in 2014 and 2015 growing winter seasons to plant wheat crop (Sakha94) variety as an indicators for evaluating water harvesting techniques. The water harvesting machine was studied through different water harvesting techniques by using three geometric reservoirs shapes (triangle, trapezoid and half circle) under three forward speeds. Water harvesting techniques were compared with the traditional method in terms of moisture content, water storage, runoff volume, water use efficiency, crop yield and the operational costs. The experimental results for the successful season (2015) reveal to the following: For water harvesting machine parameters: The lowest speed 2.5km/hr., with geometric reservoir shapes (half circle) refereed to achieve the optimum reservoirs shape in soil. For water harvesting techniques parameters. Water harvesting technique (WHCCSc) which used compacted catchment area for target area with creating half circle shape in the target area is considered the optimum technique to be used by the new manufacturing machine to achieve the highest value of harvested water and crop yield.
water harvesting
infiltration
moisture
Rainfall
catchment
pits
runoff
2017
01
30
295
311
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_54300_ff2d180397a3a1effef14728ea26b4bd.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
الکفـــــاءة التســــــويقيـــــة لمحصــــــول البــــرتقـــــال بمحــافــظــــــة الشـــــــــــرقيـــــــــــــــــة
محمد
داؤد
طاهر
حسانين
محمد
عامر
أحمد
حامد
استهدف البحثقياس کفاءة التسويق المحلى للبرتقال في محافظة الشرقية وذلک من خلال تقدير بعض مؤشرات الکفاءة التسويقية للبرتقال وفقا للقنوات التسويقية المختلفة، واعتمدت الدراسة على بيانات أولية من عينة ميدانية للمزارعين وللتجار والوسطاء فى محافظة الشرقية وذلک في مرکزى منيا القمح وأبو حماد حيث يترکز بهما زراعة البرتقال وتجارته وشملت العينة إنتاج الموسم الزراعي 2014/2015 واعتمدت الدراسة في تحقيق أهدافها على أسلوب التحليل الوصفي للبيانات المتعلقة بموضوع الدراسة واستخدام بعض الأساليب الرياضية والإحصائية مثل المتوسطات الحسابية والنسب المئوية وتطبيق بعض مؤشرات الکفاءة التسويقية منها الهوامش التسويقية والربحية وانتشار جنيه المستهلک هذا بالإضافة إلى الکفاءة العملية والکفاءة السعرية، وبينت النتائج أن الهوامش التسويقية تختلف حسب القنوات التسويقية فنجد أن الهامش التسويقي للمزارع وصل أقصى قيمة 761.145 جنيها /طن عند البيع للمستهلک مباشرة بينما وصل إلى أدنى قيمة 311.25 جنيها /طن عند البيع بطريقة الکلالة، ووصل هامش ربح تاجر الجملة إلى أقصى قيمة 255 جنيها /طن عند شراء البرتقال من المزارع بطريقة الکلالة وأقل قيمة 37.58 جنيها /طن عند شراء البرتقال من المزارع بطريقة العمولة، ووصل هامش ربح تاجر التجزئة أقصى قيمة 286 جنيها /طن عند شراء البرتقال من المزارع مباشرة بطريقة البيع بالوزن على باب المزرعة، وأن المنتج حقق ما قيمته 100% من جنيه المستهلک عند البيع للمستهلک مباشرة، وانخفض نصيب المنتج من جنيه المستهلک إلى 54.8% من جنيه المستهلک عند البيع بطريقة الکلالة، بينما وصل نصيب تاجر الجملة من جنيه المستهلک إلى أقصى قيمة 26.9% عند شراء البرتقال من المزارع بطريقة الکلالة ووصل إلى أقل قيمة 4.3% من جنيه المستهلک عند شراء البرتقال فى الوکالة من المستهلک مقابل عمولة يتم الاتفاق عليها ، وبلغ نصيب تاجر التجزئة أقصى قيمة 24.9% بينما تساوى نصيب تاجر التجزئة من جنيه المستهلک 18.3% فى طريقة البيع کلالة لتاجر الجملة وطريقة البيع بالوزن لتاجر الجملة، ووصلت الکفاءة التسويقية أقصى قيمة لها 89.2% فى طريقة البيع بالوزن للمستهلک وذلک بسبب انخفاض التکاليف التسويقية، ووصلت الکفاءة التسويقية أدنى قيمة وفقا لهذا المؤشر فى حالة البيع فى الوکالة بنظام العمولة .ووصلت الکفاءة التسويقية وفقا للمعيار السعرى أقصى قيمة 63.18% فى طريقة البيع بالوزن للمستهلک إلا أن هذه الطريقة من طرق البيع لا تتم إلا فى المساحات الصغيرة جدا القريبة من الاسواق ووصلت الکفاءة التسويقية وفقا للمعيار السعرى إلى أدنى قيمة 46.9% فى حالة البيع فى الوکالة بنظام العمولة، ويرجع إنخفاض الکفاءة السعرية فى جميع طرق البيع المتبعة فى تسويق البرتقال فى محافظة الشرقية إلى زيادة التکاليف الانتاجية والتسويقية مقارنة بسعر البيع للمستهلک ولابد من تحسين هذه الکفاءة عن طريق خفض التکاليف الإنتاجية وتحسين الخدمات التسويقية بما يسهم فى تحسين أسعار البيع وزيادة الارباح وارتفاع مستوى الکفاءة التسويقية.
الکفاءة التسويقية
البرتقال
محافظة الشرقية
2017
01
30
313
323
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_54303_dcce3835df9c6567ad44fd4bfe0aebe5.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
دراســـــة اقتصــــاديــة لوحدة تصنيــع الجبـــن الأبيض بــريــف محـافظــة الشــــرقيـــة
صبحى
سلامة
أنور
لبن
هالة
بسيونى
محمد
اسماعيل
أستهدف البحث دراسة اقتصادية لوحدة تصنيع الجبن الأبيض بريف محافظة الشرقية من خلال تقدير التکاليف والعائد على المشروع، ومؤشرات الکفاءة الاقتصادية لوحدة تصنيع الجبن الأبيض .حيث تم اختيار مرکزى الزقازيق و الإبراهيمية لانهما الأعلى أهمية نسبية لوحدات تصنيع الجبن الأبيض على مستوى المحافظة بواقع 19.84%، 0.27% على الترتيب فى إجمالى وحدات تصنيع الجبن الأبيض بمحافظة الشرقية والبالغ 126 وحدة . اوضحت النتائج ان التکاليف التشغيلية لوحدة تصنيع الجبن الأبيض بمرکزى الزقازيق والإبراهيمية بعينة الدراسة الميدانية 2015 وتشمل التکاليف التشغيلية مواد خام ومواد اخرى ، اجور ومرتبات ، طاقة کهربية ومياه، صيانة وقطع غيار، مصروفات نثرية، ايجار مبنى حيث بلغت أقصاها فى المواد الخام والمواد الاخرى حيث بلغت 263500 جنيه تمثل 72.4 %، اما الأجـــور والمرتبــــات فقد بلغت 73800 جنيه تمثل 20.28 % ، بينما بلغ ايجار المبنى 10600 جنيه يمثل 2.91 %، الطاقة الکهربية والمياه 7166.67 جنيه تمثل 1.97 %، وذلک من اجمالى تکاليف التشغيل السنوية والتى بلغت 363941.67 جنيه، ويشير مؤشر صافى ربح المشروع إلى أنه بلغ حوالى 9108.33 جنيها على مستوى عينة الدراسة آما على مستوى مرکزى العينة فقد بلغ أقصاه بمرکز الزقازيق 11500 جنيها، وأدناه بمرکز الابراهيمية 7400 جنيها، وهذا يعنى ان صافى ربح المشروع بمرکز الإبراهيمية يمثل 64.34 % من مثيله بمرکز الزقازيق، کما بين مؤشر فترة استرداد راس المال انه بلغ 3.5 سنة على مستوى عينة الدراسة ن وانه بلغ أقصاه بمرکز الابراهيمية 4.21 سنة، وأدناه بمرکز الزقازيق 2.5 سنة وهذا يعنى ان فترة استرداد راس المال بمرکز الزقازيق يمثل 59.38 % من مثيله بمرکز الإبراهيمية.
وحدات تصنيع
الجبن الأبيض
مؤشرات الکفاءة الاقتصادية
التکاليف
صافى الربح
2017
01
30
325
331
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_54305_5c2b1ad0241aa67e06c9232e9a37d6da.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
المــــوارد الســمکيــــة فى محــافظـــــة الشــــرقيـــة
ريهام
حجازى
محمد
عامر
استهدفت الدراسة حصر وعرض للموارد السمکية بمحافظة الشرقية بهدف تيسير وضع خطط تنميتها واعتمدت الدراسة على بيانات ثانوية منشورة وغير منشورة من المصادر ذات الصلة بالإضافة إلى بيانات أولية من خلال زيارات ميدانية لأماکن توافر تلک الموارد خلال الفترة 2014- 2016، واعتمدت الدراسة على العرض التوصيفى للبيانات وتحليل المحتوى لبعض الدراسات والإحصاءات ذات الصلة، وقسمت الدراسة الموارد السمکية إلى موارد مائية، أرضية، رأسمالية وبشرية، حيث تم حصر مساحات المياه العذبة وإنتاجيتها السمکية ونقاط الإتفاق والاختلاف بين مصادر الإحصاءات خاصة مديرية الزراعة بالشرقية کجهة مسئولة محلية والهيئة العامة لتنمية الثروة السمکية کجهة قومية مسئولة عن القطاع، کما تم حصر الإستزراع السمکى کمساحة وإنتاجية للمزارع السمکية وتربية الأسماک محملة على حقول الأرز، وکذلک البرک، التى تصلح لإنتاج الأسماک، والمؤسسات العامة فى القطاع ومصانع العلف وتصنيع الأسماک، وتم تقدير حجم العمالة بهذا القطاع وبينت الدراسة توافر موارد عديدة منها 6700 فدان مائى عذب، وما بين 31 إلى 36 ألف فدان فدان مزارع سمکية، وما بين 40 ، 50.5 ألف فدان من حقول الأرز محمل بالأسماک، بالإضافة إلى حجم العمالة والمقدر فى أدناه بحوالى 67.36 ألف عامل، ومؤسسات عديدة منها المفرخات السمکية والإدارات والمؤسسات البحثية، ورغم توافر تلک الموارد يبلغ إنتاج الأسماک فى محافظة الشرقية ما بين 69.3 ألف طن وفقاً لمديرية الزراعة بالشرقية و128 ألف طن وفقاً للهيئة العامة لتنمية الثروة السمکية وهى کميات لا تتوافق مع هذا الحجم من الموارد المتاحة، وتبين تضارب إحصاءات الإنتاج بالنسبة للمصادر الطبيعية وبالتالى الإنتاج، والمساحة والإنتاج بالنسبة للإستزراع السمکى سواء المزارع أو تحميل السمک على حقول الأرز وهو مايعيق بناء خطة تنمية تلک الموارد، کما تبين من الدراسة أهمية المزارع السمکية فى الإنتاج السمکى للمحافظة حيث يمثل 96% إلى 97.26%. وکذلک فى حجم العمالة حيث يتم تشغيل أکثر من 65.7 ألف عامل تمثل أکثر من 97.4% من إجمالى عمالة القطاع المقدرة بالمحافظة، مما يستلزم أولاً الإهتمام بعمليات الحصر والإحصاء على أن تکون بيانات مديرية الزراعة المصدر الأساسى للهيئة، وثانياً استقرار الأوضاع الحيازية للمزارع السمکية لإمکانية تنميتها لأهميتها فى هذا القطاع فى المحافظة.
الموارد السمکية
إحصاءات
محافظة الشرقية
2017
01
30
333
345
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_54309_a4dc434cfb9ccdb3d53ec81aca4e2ff4.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
أثر بعض المتغيرات الارشادية على إنتاجية محصول القمح في نطاق روابط مستخدمي المياه للمساقي المطورة بمحافظة الشرقية
إبراهيم
عمر
استهدف البحث بصفة رئيسية التعرف على أثر بعض المتغيرات الإرشادية على إنتاجية محصول القمح للزراع الأعضاء في روابط مستخدمي المياة في مشروع الري المطور، أجرى البحث في خمسة قري منها ثلاثة قري بمرکز أبوحماد هي قرى المعظمية، منشية سعيد وأبو حجر وقريتين من مرکز فاقوس هما قريتي الروضه وبني عمرو, تم إختيار هذه القرى لأن بها أکبر مساحة من الأراضي الزراعية التي تم تنفيذ مشروع الري المطور بها، تم إختيار (80) مزارعاً بشکل عشوائي من القري المذکورة، وکان عدد زراع محصول القمح من بين زراع العينه 67 مزارع تم إستبعاد خمسة مزارعين منهم لوجود قيم شاذه في آرائهم الخاصة بالإنتاجية الفدانية للقمح, لتصبح العينه (62 مزارع), تم إستخدام الإستبيان بالمقابلة الشخصية لتجميع بيانات الدراسة, وذلک خلال الفتره من يناير إلى مارس 2015, وتم إستخدام التکرارات والنسب المئوية والمتوسط الحسابي, ومعامل الإرتباط لبيرسون ونموذج التغاير ذو المتغيرات الصورية, کأدوات للتحليل الإحصائي, وأظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن نسبة المبحوثين ذوي الإنتاجية المنخفضة من القمح للفدان کانت 53.2%، في حين کانت نسبة المبحوثين ذوي الإنتاجية المتوسطة من القمح للفدان 37.1%، بينما کانت نسبة المبحوثين ذوي الإنتاجية المرتفعه من القمح للفدان 6%، ويتضح أيضاً من النتائج أن هناک علاقة إرتباطية موجبة بين کلاً من المتغيرات التالية (مشارکة الزوجه في العمل المزرعي, المشارکه في إنتخابات الرابطة, المسافة بين مصدر المياه وفتحة الري, الرضا عن آداء الرابطة خلال العام الحالي, أثر عضوية الرابطة) عند مستوى معنوية 0.05 و(طريقة تکوين الرابطة، الرضا الکلي, الرضا عن الوضع الحال مقارنة بالوضع السابق, الرضا عن آداء الرابطة خلال العام الحالي , الرضا عن عدالة وکمية المياه المتاحة) عند مستوى معنوية 0.01, أما بالنسبه لعدد أفراد الأسرة فکانت العلاقة الإرتباطية معنوية سالبة إحصائياً عند مستوى معنوية 0.05 ودرجة إنتاجية محصول القمح للفدان بالنسبة للزراع في نطاق روابط الري المطور, ثبتت المعنوية الاحصائية للمعالم المقدرة لجميع المتغيرات ذات العلاقة الإرتباطية المعنوية مع إنتاجية القمح وقد کان کلاً من مهندس التوجية المائي, المرشد الزراعي, وسائل الإعلام في الترتيب الأول في المجموعات الثلاثة لمصادر المعلومات, في حين کانت الزيارات الحقلية والمنزلية, الإيضاح العملي, البرامج التليفزيونية، أخذت الترتيب الأول في المجموعات الثلاثة الخاصة بتفضيل طرق توصيل المعلومات عن مشروع الري ومعاملات محصول القمح وقد جاءت مشکلة ردم الخليج القديم تسبب في مشاکل کثيرة بعد سرقة ماکينة الري الخاصة بالتطوير في الترتيب الأول للمشکلات بنسبة 95.2%, بينما جاءت مشکلة عدم وجود شفافية من الرابطة مع الزراع في الترتيب الأخير للمشکلات بنسبة 19.4%، أما بالنسبة للمقترحات فقد جاء مقترح خفض عمق البياره بما يتناسب مع عمق الترعه في الترتيب الأول بنسبة 80.6%, بينما جاء مقترح تعيين المشغل وأمين الصندوق بعقد مؤقت لتفعيل الدور المطلوب منهما في الترتيب الاخير بنسبة 24.2%.
إنتاجية محصول القمح
روابط مستخدمي مياه الري
مشروع الري المطور
الرضا الکلي
الوعي بمشکلات الري
2017
01
30
347
368
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_54312_9e6e677e13d35a603a840490daae5e4e.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
التصميم الأمثـــل لإتــــــزان خط الإنتاج لأحـد مصانع الملابس الجاهزة لتقليل زمن التشغيل وزيادة الإنتاجية
سميحة
عبدلله
أحمد
سالمان
أمال
محمود
صفاء
إبراهيم
يهدف البحث إلى تقديم نموذج لحل مشکلة إهدار الوقت في أحد مصانع الملابس الجاهزة وهو مصنع متخصص في إنتاج الـ (تي شيرت) فقط, ويعد ترتيب الآلات و تصميم اتزان خط الإنتاج من أهم عوامل حل المشکلة, وتم استخدام الماکينات المتخصصة في خط إنتاج الـ (تي شيرت) وتقييم مؤشرات الکفاءة واستخدام المعايير الإنتاجية من خلال موازنة العمليات داخل خط الإنتاج, وتم حساب أزمنة التشغيل لکل مرحلة باستخدام طريقة الميقات, وتقليل عدد القوى البشرية المستخدمة في خط الإنتاج مع تقليل زمن التشغيل للقطعة الملبسية، وأجرى البحث من خلال عدة مراحل وهي: مرحلة التحليل حيث تم تحليل العينة وخط الإنتاج ووصف الوضع الحالي للمصنع الذي أجريت به الدراسة، مرحلة التصميم لخط الإنتاج المقترح, والهدف منها هو عمل تصميم لخط إنتاج الـ (تي شيرت) والعمل على تقليل زمن التشغيل وزمن المناولة والعمالة المساعدة في المناولة، مرحلة اختبار وتقييم النظام المقترح, وقد توصلت النتائج إلى مدى تأثير تصميم خط الإنتاج على تقليل زمن التشغيل وذلک مع اختلاف ترتيب العمليات الإنتاجية حيث أنخفض زمن التشغيل وارتفعت معدلات الإنتاجية لخط الإنتاج وتم تقليل العمالة المساعدة من خلال ترتيب الماکينات, وتم وضع ثلاثة افتراضات للتشغيل وکان من أهم النتائج تقليل زمن التشغيل من (77 ثانية) في الافتراض الأول إلي (53 ثانية) في الافتراض الثاني وأيضا إلى (50 ثانية) في الافتراض الثالث, وتقليل عدد العمالة المناولة من اثنين في الافتراض الأول إلي واحد في الافتراض الثاني و الاستغناء عنهم في الافتراض الثالث, وزيادة الإنتاجية في الافتراض الثالث إلي 576 قطعة (تى شيرت) في الوردية عن الافتراض الثاني (الحالي المستخدم في المصنع) الذي کانت إنتاجيته 543 قطعة في الوردية وعن الافتراض الأول الذي بلغت إنتاجيته 374 قطعة فى الوردية.
إتزان خط الإنتاج
الـ(تي شيرت)
الکفاءة الإنتاجية
الملابس الجاهزة
2017
01
30
369
383
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_54313_6b3ffe8910aec7a4495dbc7a458f2ced.pdf
Zagazig Journal of Agricultural Research
1110-0338
1110-0338
2017
44
1
ممارسات معلمات الروضة لإکساب الطفل بعض المهارات الحياتية وعلاقته ببعض مسئوليات ربة الأسرة تجاه طفلها
مروة
صديق
نعمة
رقبان
دعاء
حافط
أمنية
صالح
أجرى هذا البحث بهدف دراسة العلاقة بين ممارسات معلمات الروضة لإکساب الطفل بعض المهارات الحياتية (مهارات شخصية- مهارة الإتصال - المهارات الإجتماعية - المهارات الإنفعالية) ومسئوليات ربة الأسرة بمحوريها (التربوية - الإجتماعية) وقد أجريت الدراسة علي عينة عمدية غرضية بلغ قوامها 39 معلمة من معلمات الروضة و390 أم لديها طفل في مرحلة الروضة من ريف وحضر محافظة الشرقية. وقد تمثلت أدوات البحث في إستمارة البيانات الأولية لمعلمة الروضة والأسرة- ومقياس ممارسات معلمات الروضة لإکساب الطفل بعض المهارات الحياتية بمحاورها ومقياس مسئوليات ربة الأسرة بمحوريها، وقد إتبع في هذا البحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي وأسفرت النتائج عن: أن مستوى ممارسات معلمات الروضة لإکساب الطفل بعض المهارات الحياتية (مهارات شخصية - مهارة الإتصال- المهارات الإجتماعية – المهارات الإنفعالية) مرتفعة بنسبة بلغت 64.2%،46.2%، 77.0% و43.6% على التوالي، کما تبين أن 78.7% ،81.0%، من ربات الأسرة عينة البحث ذوات مستوى مرتفع من المسئوليات التربوية والإجتماعية على التوالي، وجود علاقة إرتباطية سالبة دالة إحصائيا بين ممارسات معلمات الروضة لإکساب الطفل المهارات الحياتية ببعض محاورها (الشخصية – الإتصال- الإجتماعية) ومسئوليات ربة الأسرة بمحوريها (التربوية، الإجتماعية، الإجمالي)، وجود فروق دالة إحصائياً عند مستوي دلالة 0.001 بين متوسطات درجات المعلمات عينة الدراسة في ممارسات إکساب طفل الروضة بعض المهارات الحياتية بمحاورها تبعاً لکل من نوع الروضة لصالح معلمات الروضات الحکومية، وتبعا لحصول المعلمة علي الدورات التدريبية لصالح المعلمات الحاصلات علي دورات تدريبية، وجود فروق دالة إحصائياً بين متوسطات درجات ربات الأسر عينة الدراسة في مسئولياتهن تجاه أطفالهن (التربوية، الإجتماعية ، الإجمالي) تبعا لـنوع الروضة لصالح أمهات أطفال الروضات الخاصة عند مستوي دلالة 0.05، وتبعاً لعمل الأم لصالح الأمهات العاملات عند مستوي دلالة 0.05، ووجود تباين دال إحصائياً بين متوسطات درجات ربات الأسر عينة الدراسة في مسئوليات ربة الأسرة ببعض محاورها تبعاً لحجم الأسرة لصالح ربات الأسر متوسطة الحجم عند مستوي دلالة 0.05 ، وتبعا للمستوى التعليمى للأم لصالح ربات الأسر ذوات المستوي التعليمي المرتفع، وتبعاً للدخل الشهرى للأسرة لصالح ربات الأسر ذوات الدخل المرتفع عند مستوي دلالة 0.05.
معلمات الروضة
طفل الروضة
المهارات الحياتية
المسئوليات الأسرية
2017
01
30
385
408
https://zjar.journals.ekb.eg/article_54317_2eb718a2b980f8cc5561caff5c7c942d.pdf